Relationship between dry eye disease and physical and mental health in primary and secondary school teachers / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between dry eye disease(DED)and physical and mental health in teachers, and to explore its mechanism and propose intervention measures.METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A total of 183 teachers from three primary and secondary schools in the urban area of Linyi City, Shandong Province were enrolled in the study. DED symptoms were quantified using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire. A compact version of the depression, anxiety, and stress scale(DASS-21)was used to evaluate psychological state. The relationship between potential influencing factors and DED was evaluated by independent sample t-test of quantitative variables and χ2test of classified variables. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis to determine the influencing factors of DED. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between OSDI score and depression, anxiety and stress.RESULTS: There were 183 teachers, including 44 males(24.0%)and 139 females(76.0%), aged from 22 to 57 years, with an average age of(34.2±8.6)years. The prevalence of DED was 60.0%(109/183; 95%CI 52.4%-66.7%). The prevalence of depression was 26.2%(48/183; 95%CI 19.8%-32.7%); anxiety prevalence was 39.3%(72/183; 95%CI 32.2%-46.5%); and stress prevalence was 23.0%(42/183; 95%CI 16.8%-29.1%). The univariate analysis showed that increased age, increased working years, increased visual display terminal(VDT)application time, longer written working hours, reduced sleep hours, less alcohol consumption, and high scores of depression, anxiety and stress were all factors affecting DED(all P<0.05). Using depression scores as the psychological index, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that years of work, VDT application time, written working hours, sleep time, alcohol consumption and depression score were the influencing factors of DED(all P<0.05); Using anxiety scores as the psychological index, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that years of work, VDT application time, written working hours and stress scores were the influencing factors of DED(all P<0.05); Using stress scores as the psychological index, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that years of work, VDT application time, written working hours and stress scores were the influencing factors of DED(all P<0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress scores in the DED group(P<0.05)and across all participants(P<0.05). In the severe DED group, OSDI scores were positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DED is high among the teachers. Alcohol consumption, reduced sleep, longer working years, longer VDT usage and longer written working hours are the influencing factors of DED. In severe DED group, DED is highly correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress. We should pay attention to teachers' DED and related physical and mental health problems, and actively prevent and make early diagnosis and treatment.

Estudio transversal sobre la calidad de vida y el riesgo psicosocial de trabajadores migrantes / A cross-sectional study on the quality of life and psychosocial risk of migrant workers

Introducción Las cifras migratorias sitúan a Chile como uno de los países sudamericanos con mayor número de migrantes. El presente estudio estimó la relación entre características sociodemográficas, calidad de vida y riesgos psicosociales laborales en migrantes trabajadores de la región del Maule. Métodos Estudio transversal con trabajadores migrantes entre 18 y 60 años, residentes en la Región del Maule (n = 145). Las encuestas aplicadas fueron: Cuestionario de riesgo psicosocial, Cuestionario de salud y calidad de vida y Cuestionario sociodemográfico. Se realizó un análisis estadístico bivariado con pruebas no paramétricas de U de Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, correlación de Spearman y modelos de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados Un 21% de los migrantes mantuvo en Chile la misma actividad laboral a la que se dedicaban en su país de origen. Si bien la calidad de vida de la salud física y mental es adecuada, 52% presenta bajas demandas psicológicas en el trabajo, 48,9% bajos niveles de trabajo activo y habilidades de desarrollo, 57,7% tiene un nivel de alto riesgo en la compensación y la autoestima, y 65,5% un nivel de alto riesgo de doble presencia en el trabajo. Los migrantes con mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión salud física presentan menor riesgo de mantener el equilibrio entre el esfuerzo y recompensa, poseen un trabajo de 44 horas a la semana y no llegaron a trabajar directamente al Maule. Los migrantes con mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión salud mental poseen menor riesgo en las demandas emocionales, perciben mayor apoyo social en la empresa y menor preocupación por las tareas domésticas. Conclusiones Los migrantes con menor calidad de vida en la dimensión salud física, presentan menores compensaciones en el trabajo, bajo reconocimiento, llegaron directamente a trabajar a la región y poseían trabajos con menos horas de contrato. Los trabajadores con menor calidad de vida en su salud mental exhiben mayor riesgo en las exigencias psicológicas en el trabajo, perciben bajo apoyo social en la empresa y preocupación por responder al trabajo doméstico y al asalariado.

Introduction Migration figures place Chile as one of the South American countries with the highest rate of migrants. The present study estimated the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life, and psychosocial occupational risks in migrant workers from the Maule region. Methods Cross-sectional study with migrant workers between 18 and 60 years of age residing in the Maule region (n = 145). The applied questionnaires were: a psychosocial risk questionnaire, a health and quality of life questionnaire, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. A bivariate statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression models. Results In Chile, 21% of the migrants maintained the same work activity as in their country of origin. Although the quality of life in physical and mental health is adequate, 52% have low psychological demands at work, 48.9% have low levels of active work and development skills, 57.7% have a high-risk level of compensation and self-esteem, and 65.5% have a high-risk level of double presence at work. Migrants with a higher quality of life in the physical health dimension have a lower risk of maintaining a balance between effort and reward; they worked 44 hours a week and did not work directly at Maule. Migrants with a higher quality of life in the mental health dimension have a lower risk of emotional demands, perceive greater social support in the company, and are less concerned about domestic chores. Conclusions Migrants with lower quality of life in the physical health dimension presented less compensation at work and recognition, came to work directly in the region, and had jobs with fewer contract hours. Workers with lower quality of life in their mental health exhibited a greater risk of psychological demands at work and perceived low social support in the company; they were concerned about having to respond to domestic and salaried work.

Ethics considerations on brain-computer interface technology / 生物医学工程学杂志

The development and potential application of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is closely related to the human brain, so that the ethical regulation of BCI has become an important issue attracting the consideration of society. Existing literatures have discussed the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspectives of non-BCI developers and scientific ethics, while few discussions have been launched from the perspective of BCI developers. Therefore, there is a great need to study and discuss the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspective of BCI developers. In this paper, we present the user-centered and non-harmful BCI technology ethics, and then discuss and look forward on them. This paper argues that human beings can cope with the ethical issues arising from BCI technology, and as BCI technology develops, its ethical norms will be improved continuously. It is expected that this paper can provide thoughts and references for the formulation of ethical norms related to BCI technology.

The impact of chronic comorbidity in elderly people on relatives’ physical and mental health during the nursing home confinement:A multiple mediator analysis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between chronic comorbidity and the physical and mental health of relatives of elderly people during the nursing home confinement, and to analyze the mediating effects of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty in this context. 【Methods】 A total of 568 family members of elderly people in nine elderly institutions in Shaanxi Province were selected. The survey included the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and The World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index. The data were analyzed with Stata for correlation and mediation effects. 【Results】 ① The comorbidities of chronic diseases was positively correlated with the perceived stress (r=0.16, P<0.001) and intolerance of uncertainty (r=0.11, P=0.006) of the family members, but negatively correlated with the physical and mental health of the family members (r=-0.13, P=0.002). ② The mediating effect of perceived stress between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.023, accounting for 18.8% of the total effect; the mediating effect of intolerance of uncertainty between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.041, accounting for 33.5% of the total effect. 【Conclusion】 During closed management in a nursing facility, the physical and mental health of family members of older adults with chronic co-morbidities is poorer than that of family members of non-chronic co-morbidities. And it can lead to a decline in physical and mental health of family members through increased perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty.

Mielopatia ou paraparesia espástica tropical (HAM/TSP) e os domínios da SF-36 / Tropical spastic myelopathy/ paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and the SF-36 domains

Introdução: a paraparesia espástica tropical ou mielopatia associada ao HTLV (HAM/TSP) é umadoença infecciosa e inflamatória crônica, que pode interferir em vários aspectos da vida do indivíduo e, com isso, alterar sua qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo: avaliar os domínios da escala SF-36 que mais contribuem para as alterações na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HAM/TSP. Metodologia: nesse estudo observacional, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 49 pacientes diagnosticados com HAM/TSP do setor de Neurociências do Ambulatório Professor Francisco Magalhães Neto, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, a qualidade de vida foi avaliada pelo questionário de saúde Short Form-36 (SF-36), no período de fevereiro de 2019 a julho de 2020, e de fevereiro de 2022 a abril de 2022. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados por análise estatística descritiva e testes de correlação de Pearson e Spearman. Resultados: foi observado que os menores escores do questionário SF-36, indicando pior qualidade de vida, foram relativos aos domínios vinculados às limitações físicas, capacidades funcionais e limitações emocionais, nessa ordem. Os melhores domínios, indicando melhor qualidade de vida, nessa população, foram saúde mental e aspectos sociais, demostrando que os pacientes com HAM/TSP relatam alterações físicas e emocionais em sua qualidade de vida. Conclusão:os domínios que mais alteraram a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HAM/ TSP foram AF, CF e AE. Assim, utilizando-se da escala SF-36, profissionais de saúde podem identificar e intervir precocemente em domínios que comprometam a saúde física e emocional dos pacientes com HAM/TSP, alterando, consequentemente, sua qualidade de vida.

Introduction: tropical Spastic Paraparesis or HTLV-associated Myelopathy (HAM/TSP) is a chronic infectious and inflammatory disease that can interfere with various aspects of individuals life and, thereby alter their Quality of Life (QoL). Objective: to evaluate the domains of the sf-36 scale that most contribute to changes in the quality of life of patients with HAM/TSP. Methods: in this observational, cross-sectional and quantitative study carried out with 49 patients diagnosed with HAM/TSP from the Neuroscience sector of the Professor Francisco Magalhães Neto Ambulatory, in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, quality of life was assessed using the Short Form Health Questionnaire Form ­ 36 (SF-36), from February/19 to July/20 and from February/22 to April/22. Data obtained were evaluated by descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. Results: it was observed that the lowest scores on the SF-36 questionnaire, indicating worse quality of life, were related to the domains linked to physical limitations, functional capacities and emotional limitations, in that order. The best domains, indicating better quality of life in this population, were mental health and social aspects, showing that patients with HAM/TSP report physical and emotional changes in their quality of life. Conclusion: the domains that most changed the quality of life of patients with HAM/TSP were PA, FC and EA. Thus using the SF-36 scale, health professionals can identify and intervene early in areas that compromise the physical and emotional health of patients with HAM/TSP, consequently altering their quality of life.

Efectos del confinamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio sobre la salud física y psíquica de los comodorenses / Efeitos do confinamento social, preventivo e obrigatório sobre a saúde física e psicológica do povo de Comodoro / Effects of social, preventive and compulsory confinement on physical and mental health of Comodorenses

RESUMEN Durante algunos meses del 2020, los procesos de reclusión y aislamiento social obligatorios fueron una realidad impuesta por el gobierno argentino como medio preventivo frente a la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2. Rememorando el último hecho registrado de una situación epidemiológica similar, encontramos que el último hecho registrado fue en 1918, donde la epidemia de la gripe española causó al menos unos 50 millones de muertes en todo el mundo y que, desde el día de la fecha, aún no es clara la epidemiología de la misma ni su verdadero alcance. Es que actualmente no hay registros estadísticos certeros que muestren las afectaciones ocasionadas en el estado psico-físico de las personas, que han sido confinadas debido a las medidas preventivas que se toman frente a enfermedades infectocontagiosas y que se transita por una situación de tales características. En este estudio, se pretende describir algunos de los efectos autopercibidos por la población comodorense. Para tal fin, se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario anónimo, contestado por 1093 sujetos (♀= 750 - ♂= 343), cuyas edades eran de 40±22 años y, con los datos obtenidos, se pudo concluir (P>0,05) que el confinamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio afectó la salud física y psíquica de los comodorenses, aumentando la inactividad física, los factores de riesgo asociado, modificando los hábitos alimentarios, afectando la calidad del sueño y provocando situaciones de inestabilidad emocional y repercusión económica.

RESUMO Durante alguns meses de 2020, os processos de confinamento social obrigatório e de isolamento foram uma realidade imposta pelo governo argentino como medida preventiva contra a pandemia da SRA-CoV-2. Recordando o último evento registado de uma situação epidemiológica semelhante, verificamos que o último evento registado foi em 1918, onde a epidemia de gripe espanhola causou pelo menos 50 milhões de mortes em todo o mundo e que, a partir de hoje, a epidemiologia da epidemia e o seu verdadeiro alcance ainda não é claro. Não existem atualmente registos estatísticos precisos que mostrem os efeitos sobre o estado psicofísico das pessoas que foram confinadas devido às medidas preventivas tomadas contra doenças infecciosas e que estão a passar por uma situação com tais características. Neste estudo, pretendemos descrever alguns dos efeitos auto percebidos pela população de Comodoro. Para este efeito, foi concebido e aplicado um questionário anónimo, respondido por 1093 sujeitos (♀= 750 - ♂= 343), cuja idade era de 40±22 anos e, com os dados obtidos, foi possível concluir (P>0,05) que o confinamento social, preventivo e obrigatório afetou a saúde física e psicológica das pessoas de Comodoro, aumentando a inatividade física, os fatores de risco associados, modificando os hábitos alimentares, afetando a qualidade do sono e provocando situações de instabilidade emocional e repercussões económicas.

ABSTRACT During some months of 2020, the processes of reclusion and compulsory social isolation were a reality imposed by the Argentine government as a preventive measure against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Thinking back to the last recorded event of a similar epidemiological situation, it was found that the last recorded event was in 1918, where the Spanish flu epidemic caused at least 50 million deaths worldwide and that, as of today, neither the epidemiology of the epidemic nor its true scope is clear. There are currently no accurate statistical records showing the effects on the psycho-physical state of people who have been confined due to the preventive measures taken against infectious diseases and who are going through such a situation. In this study, the aim is to describe some of the self-perceived effects by the population of Comodoro. For this purpose, an anonymous questionnaire was designed and applied, answered by 1093 subjects ((♀= 750 - ♂= 343), whose ages were 40±22 years and, with the data obtained, it was possible to conclude (P>0.05) that the social, preventive and mandatory confinement affected the physical and psychological health of the people of Comodoro, increasing physical inactivity, the associated risk factors, modifying eating habits, affecting the quality of sleep and causing situations of emotional instability and economic repercussion.

College students' physical and mental health exercise based on tennis / Exercício de saúde física e mental de estudantes com base no tênis / Ejercicios de salud física y mental para estudiantes universitarios basados en el tenis

ABSTRACT College students are often under great pressure, and their physical and mental health is the focus of attention in college education. In order to cultivate high-quality talents and relieve the pressure of college students, many colleges and universities have set up a variety of sports courses, including tennis courses. Analyzing the influence of tennis on the physical and mental health of college students, this study studies the situation of college students participating in tennis by consulting literature, designing questionnaires and using an experimental measurement method, while it constructs the physical health evaluation index and mental health evaluation index of college students. On this basis, this study evaluates the influence of tennis on students' physical and mental health. The results show that tennis has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of college students. Tennis can not only enhance college students' cardiopulmonary function and muscle strength, but also cultivate students' independent personality, eliminate depression tendency, make students independent, flexible and active, which is conducive to the development of students' mental health. It is hoped that this study can provide some reference for the research of college students' physical and mental health exercise based on tennis.

RESUMO Los estudiantes universitarios a menudo se encuentran bajo una gran presión y su salud física y mental es el centro de atención en la educación universitaria. Para cultivar talentos de alta calidad y aliviar la presión de los estudiantes universitarios, muchos colegios y universidades han establecido una variedad de cursos deportivos, incluidos cursos de tenis. Al analizar la influencia del tenis en la salud física y mental de los estudiantes universitarios, este estudio considera la situación de los estudiantes universitarios que participan en el tenis. Para ello usa la consulta de literatura, el diseño de cuestionarios y un método de medición experimental para construir el índice de evaluación de la salud física y la salud mental. Sobre esta base, este estudio evalúa la influencia del tenis en la salud física y mental de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que el tenis tiene un impacto positivo en la salud física y mental de los estudiantes universitarios. El tenis no solo puede mejorar la función cardiopulmonar y la fuerza muscular de los estudiantes universitarios, sino también cultivar la personalidad independiente de los estudiantes, eliminar la tendencia a la depresión, hacer que los estudiantes sean independientes, flexibles y activos, lo que favorece el desarrollo de la salud mental de los estudiantes. Se espera que este estudio pueda proporcionar alguna referencia para la investigación del ejercicio de salud física y mental de estudiantes universitarios basado en el tenis.

RESUMEN Estudantes universitários estão frequentemente sob grande pressão, e sua saúde física e mental é o foco da atenção na educação universitária. A fim de cultivar talentos de alta qualidade e aliviar a pressão dos estudantes universitários, muitas faculdades e universidades criaram diversos cursos de esporte, incluindo cursos de tênis. Analisando a influência do tênis na saúde física e mental dos estudantes universitários, este estudo investiga a situação dos estudantes universitários que praticam tênis através de consultas de literatura, elaboração de questionário e do método de medição experimental, enquanto constrói o índice de avaliação da saúde física e da saúde mental de avaliação dos estudantes universitários. Nesta base, o estudo avalia a influência do tênis na saúde física e mental dos estudantes. Os resultados mostram que o tênis tem um impacto positivo na saúde física e mental dos estudantes universitários. O tênis pode não só aumentar a função cardiopulmonar e a força muscular dos estudantes universitários, mas também cultivar a personalidade independente dos estudantes, eliminar a tendência de depressão, torna-los alunos independentes, flexíveis e ativos, o que favorece o desenvolvimento da saúde mental dos estudantes. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer alguma referência para a pesquisa do exercício de saúde física e mental dos estudantes universitários com base no tênis.

Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

More than 220 million Chinese children and adolescents are confined to their homes because of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Thanks to the strong administrative system in China, the emergency home schooling plan has been rigorously implemented. Although these measures and efforts are highly commendable and necessary, there are reasons to be concerned because prolonged school closure and home confinement during a disease outbreak might have negative effects on children's physical and mental health. It is the responsibility and keen interests of all stakeholders, from governments to parents, to ensure that the physical and mental impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic on children and adolescents are kept minimal.

New perspective in children and adolescents’ physical and mental health study: from positive youth development viewpoint / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective Positive youth development (PYD) perspective provides a new paradigm for children and adolescents’ physical and mental health research. It emphasizes children and adolescents’ s strengths and plasticity, as well as the impact of the interaction between individual and environment on children and adoleseents’ physical and mental health. This perspective enriches the comprehensive understanding of children and adolescents’ physical and mental health, and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for physical and mental health prevention intervention and interdisciplinary research. It also has an important impact on public policy development. The present paper systematically reviewed the theoretical models, empirical research and future prospects regarding the relationship between PYD and children and adolescents' physical and mental health based on the connotation structure and measurement development.

Climaterio, salud y depresión, un abordaje psicosocial: Estudio exploratorio en un grupo de mujeres de la Ciudad de México / Climacterium, Health and Depression, a Psychosocial Approach Exploratory study in a group of women from Mexico City / Climatério,saúde e depressão, uma abordagem psicossocial: Estudo exploratório com um grupo de mulheres da cidade do México

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la salud en el climaterio y las manifestaciones depresivas. Estudio exploratorio, observacional y descriptivo, N=48 mujeres, aplicando Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) y la escala de Zung, para síntomas y manifestaciones depresivas. Se reportó: cansancio físico y mental, insomnio, dolores musculares, irritabilidad, sofocos y síntomas depresivos. La salud durante el climaterio es relevante para la clínica, la medicina preventiva y los cuidados en el envejecimiento.

The aim of the study was to evaluate health in the climacterium and depression manifestations. Descriptive, exploratory and observational study, N=48 women, evaluated through the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and through the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) for symptoms and depression manifestations. Physical and mental tiredness, insomnia, muscle aches, irritability, hot flushes and depression symptom were reported. Health during the climacteric is relevant for the preventive, clinic and ageing care.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a saúde no climatério e nas manifestações depressivas. Estudo descritivo, exploratório e observacional, N=48 mulheres, avaliadas por meio da Escala de Avaliação da Menopausa (Menopause Rating Scale, MRS) e da Escala de Auto-Avaliação da Depressão, de Zung (SDS), para os sintomas e manifestações depressivss. Foram relatados: cansaço físico e mental, insônia, dores musculares, irritabilidade, ondas de calor e sintomas de depressão. A saúde durante o climatério é relevante para a clínica, a medicina preventiva, e para os cuidados no envelhecimento.

Effects of family integrated care in neonatal intensive care unit on physical and mental health of premature infants and their mothers / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the effects of family integrated care ( FIcare ) in the neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU) on preterm infants and their mothers′physical and mental health.Method From Jan 2016 to Dec 2016, preterm infants(birth weight 1000~2000 g;gestational age 26~34 weeks stabilized in NICU were randomly assigned into two groups:FIcare group and control group .The incidences of major diseases in infants , their mothers′depression score and anxiety score were studied .Result A total of 40 infants were assigned into two groups respectively .No significant differences existed between the two groups in gender , gestational age , brith weight , age, breastfeeding rate and their mothers′depression score and anxiety score (P>0.05).At discharge, the breastfeeding rate (90.0%vs.52.5%) and weight gain [(2258 ±112) g vs.(2105 ±103) g] of the FIcare group were significantly higher than the control group, and the hospital stay duration [(42.0 ±15.7) d vs.(43.5 ±14.3) d], hospitalization expenses [(40,000 ±18,000) RMB vs.(44,000 ±19,000) RMB], oxygen therapy duration [(10.4 ±5.7) d vs. (11.7 ±7.9) d], CPAP duration [(7.2 ±4.3) d vs.(8.1 ±5.0) d], mothers′depression score [(48.7 ±3.0) vs.(57.6 ±2.7)] and anxiety score [(49.4 ±1.1) vs.(61.1 ±1.9)]of the FIcare group were significantly lower than the control group ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion Family-integrated care is beneficial for the recovery of preterm infants and their mother′s physical and mental health .

Relationship between physical and mental health and self-control of elderly people in nursing home / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between self-control ability and physical and mental health of the elderly people in nursing home.Methods 183 elderly people from three nursing homes were investigated using self control measurement method of dual system scale and World Health Survey.The individuals were divided into high control low impulsiveness group(n=51),high control high impulsiveness group(n=36),low control low impulsiveness group(n=27) and low control impulse group(n=69).Results The total score of physical and mental health for elderly people in nursing homes was.(1.76±0.46),while the scores of body health,mental health and overall self evaluation were (1.84± 0.56),(1.66± 0.42) and (2.93±0.72).The scores of physical health and mental health for elderly people in nursing homes of impulse and control system for elderly people in nursing homes were (2.98 ± 0.63) and (3.35 ± 0.59).The scores of physical health (r=0.15),mental health (r=0.29) and overall self evaluation (r=0.31) were positively correlated with impulse system,and negatively correlated with control system (r=-0.26,-0.33,-0.34,P＜0.05).The scores of physical health,mental health and overall self evaluation in four groups were significantly different (F=12.39,33.82,21.50,P＜0.01).Conclusion The physical and mental health of the elderly people in nursing home is correlated with self-control ability.

Nutritional and health consequences are associated with food insecurity among Korean elderly: Based on the fifth (2010) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1) / 한국영양학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of food insecurity in Korean elderly and to analyze the health status as well as food and nutrient intakes according to food insecurity status. METHODS: A total of 939 elderly subjects (over 65 years old) were used in our analysis from the fifth 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). The variables consisted of general characteristics, physical and mental health, nutrient intake, rate of deficient intake of energy and nutrients compared with Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and food quality and diversity according to the status of food insecurity. Food insecurity status was measured using a self-reported food security questionnaire on the dietary situation in the previous year, and participants were classified according to three groups: food secure group, mildly food insecure group, and moderately/severely food insecure group. RESULTS: The proportion of the food insecure group was approximately 67% and the food insecure group had lower income and educational status than the food secure group. Food insecurity was associated with worse physical and mental health status after adjusting potentially confounding variables. The results showed that food insecurity in Korean elderly significantly affected mental health (including stress cognition, depression experience, and suicide thoughts) which exceeded stages of physical health. In addition, food insecurity showed significant association with low nutrient intake and high rate of deficient intakes of energy and nutrients compared with KDRIs, and a reduction of dietary quality and diversity was indicated in the food insecure group. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that the prevalence of food insecurity may affect the physical and mental health as well as dietary intake of the elderly Korean population. Therefore, food insecurity should be considered as an important public health issue in Korea.

Afecto positivo y negativo como mediador de la relación optimismo-salud: evaluación de un modelo estructural / Positive and Negative Affect as Mediator of the Relatioship Optimism-Health: Evaluation of a Structural Model

Las variables psicológicas y especialmente la variables positivas han mostrado múltiples beneficios para los seres humanos. Importante evidencia indica que los sujetos con mejor bienestar, altos niveles de felicidad y emociones positivas muestran mejores indicadores de salud. El optimismo es una variable positiva ampliamente estudiada y con gran evidencia sobre sus beneficios en la salud. Sin embargo, modelos explicativos acerca de cómo se producen estos beneficios han sido menos estudiados. Se ha propuesto evaluar un modelo que establece cómo el optimismo puede ser una variable causal de la salud, mediada por los afectos positivos y negativos. Se realizó un análisis de modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para probar un modelo explicativo. Participaron 995 personas con edades entre los 18 y 60 años. Se evaluó el optimismo disposicional, afecto positivo y negativo, así como salud mental y física. Los resultados muestran que el ajuste al modelo es adecuado, permitiendo considerar al optimismo como una variable explicativa de la salud tanto física y como mental, mediado por afecto positivo y negativo.

Psychological variables and especially the positive variables have shown multiple benefits for humans. Important evidence indicates that subjects with better well-being higher levels of happiness and positive emotions show better health indicators. Optimism is a positive variable widely studied and strong evidence of its benefits on the health of individuals. However, an explanatory model about how these benefits occur has been less studied. It has been proposed to evaluate a model that establishes optimism can be a causal variable health mediated the positive and negative affects. An analysis of structural equation modeling was conducted to test an explanatory model. Participants 995 people aged between 18 and 60 years old. Dispositional optimism, positive and negative affect as well as mental and physical health was assessed. Structural model analysis was conducted to test an explanatory model. The results show that the model is suitable adjustment to consider allowing optimism as an explanatory variable of both physical and mental health mediated by positive and negative affect.

Effects of High Temperature Aerobic Training on Body and Mind Health of Obese Young and Middle-aged Women / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the effects of high temperature aerobic training on body and mind health of obese young and middle- aged women. Methods 50 obesity middle-aged and young females from the yoga clubs were included. Their physical component, physiological functional components were compared before and after 1-year high temperature aerobic training. Results All the related parameters of exercise improved significantly (P<0.05), as well as the psychological status. Conclusion Yoga, as a representative of the high temperature aerobic training, can not only effectively improve the body physique, reduce lipid-lowering weight, but also improve the physiological function and psychological adjustment

La importancia del apoyo social para el bienestar físico y mental de las mujeres reclusas

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Abstract: Introduction. Social support has been useful as a key axis for different approaches on how positive human relations and social networks help the individual to achieve states of relative well-being and overcome stressful events which they have to cope with in their lives. This is particularly important in the case of imprisoned women, who generally lack social support, since many of them are abandoned by their relatives and friends with the consequent impact that this has on their physical and emotional well-being. Support from family and friends during imprisonment can imply an enormous difference in the living conditions of imprisoned women. It has been proved that the social support individuals receive through their social networks is a key factor for their well-being, specially at times of stress, transition or crisis, and protects them from the emergence of physical and psychic disorders. For these reasons, the objective of this article is to identify the main sources of social support in convicted women at two penitentiary centers in Mexico City and to determine whether the presence or absence of social support has an impact on their physical and mental well-being. Method. This is a descriptive field study carried out at two women's prisons in Mexico City: The East Preventive Center for Women and the Tepepan Center of Social Readjustment for Women. The type of sampling was non-probabilistic and selected by convenience. The final sample comprised of a total of 212 women. This study included current and lifetime female abusers of alcohol, tobacco and drugs, aged between 18 and 65, who could read and write. The exclusion criteria used were having a psychiatric disorder or a physical disability that would prevent them from completing the interview. The instrument used for compiling the information was a semi-structured interview consisting of 62 pages on various areas from the lives of female prisoners. The following sections of the questionnaire were analyzed for this article: a) sociodemographic characteristics, b) social networks, c) depression, and d) perception of physical and emotional health. The procedure followed to gather information on the female prisoners began with the establishment of an agreement with the General Administration of Prevention and Social Readjustment of the Federal District. Through this agreement, the mental health team, comprising psychiatrists, psychologists and anthropologists -previously trained in the use of a structured interview-, were granted access to the correctional facility. The interviews were carried out after the women had given their informed consent and told of the objectives of the study. The interviews lasted two hours on average, although on some occasions they took up to four sessions of two hours. The field work lasted two years. Results. Socio-demographic profile: The majority of the interviewees were under 40 years old (84%). They had low schooling (with only 41% having completed elementary school), were unmarried (48.6%), and most of them did not live either with a partner or an offspring (40.5%). A total of 58.6% had left home when they were young and nearly 40% lived on the streets. Before being admitted to the institution, they had been shopkeepers (29.5%), employees (21.9%), housewives (13.8%), manual workers(7.1%) and informal workers (5.7%). Contact with relatives and friends in the past month: A high number of the women in prison reported not having received any visits during the past month, with only a small percentage receiving daily visits. Almost 60% of the women declared not receiving any visits from significant figures, such as their partners or children. Frequency of visits and perception of physical and mental health: A third of the women rated their physical and mental health as not so good. When frequency of visits was linked to the women's perception of health, it was found that women, who had not received any visits over the past month, tended to evaluate their physical health more negatively (bad-mediocre) than those who received visits (43.5% versus 38.5%). A similar percentage was observed in the evaluation of their mental health (47.8% versus 45.3%). Frequency of visits and depression: When relating the frequency of visits to the presence and/or absence of depression, it was found that women who had not received visits during the past month experienced more depressive episodes (72.7% versus 61.1%). Nevertheless, these differences were not significant. Discussion. One of the most outstanding aspects observed in this study was the high level of abandonment suffered by the inmates, which confirms findings from other studies about women being abandoned by their loved ones more often than men after commiting a crime. The study found that in terms of accessibility, the physical location of penitentiary centers, is not a factor that fully explains the abandonment suffered by these women, since most of the inmates' relatives and friends live in the same city and even in the same neighborhood where the penitentiary center is located. A high presence of present depressive episodes was also observed in female prisoners, both among those who reported receiving visits and those who did not. A possible answer here is that imprisonment itself is a highly stressful event for those undergoing it and the support received from relatives and friends is not enough to offset the effects of confinement. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate there is a certain positive association between the social support female prisoners received from relatives and friends and their physical and mental well-being. Nevertheless, this cannot be considered a causal relationship, a conclusion which agrees with other reports regarding the positive influence of social support on prisoners' well-being. However, it is also suggested that this is a complex relation that must be investigated more in depth, since this support does not necessarily has the same effect on all individuals. One of the main recommendations deriving from these results is the need to make prisoners' relatives aware of the importance of promoting and maintaining a continuous and permanent contact with them, since this type of support usually brings about an enormous benefit for their physical and emotional well-being. It is also necessary for penitentiary institutions to reconsider the suspension of visits as a means of punishment and control, since this entails a series of negative consequences for the internal population and the institution itself.

Gender Difference in Self-esteem, Physical and Mental Health in Adolescents / 아동간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender difference of relationships between the self-esteem and physical and mental health of adolescents. The sample were consisted of 410 adolescents, 202 boys and 208 girls in two urban city of Korea and the mean age was 17.4 years old. The instruments used in this study were Hare Self-Esteem Scale(Hare, 1985) and School Health Efficacy Questionnaire(Froman & Owen, 1991) which is consisted of both physical and mental health. The results showed that there was no gender difference in self-esteem of adolescents. However, the school domain of self-esteem was related to physical health of boys, and both the family domain and the school domain of self-esteem were related to physical health of girls. And both the school domain and the peer domain of self-esteem were positively related to mental health of boys, and all domains of self-esteem(peer, school, and family) were positively related to mental health of girls. In conclusion, there was not gender difference in degree of self-esteem, but there were gender difference in specific domains of self-esteem related with physical and mental health in adolescents.

Gender Difference in Self-esteem, Physical and Mental Health in Adolescents / 아동간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender difference of relationships between the self-esteem and physical and mental health of adolescents. The sample were consisted of 410 adolescents, 202 boys and 208 girls in two urban city of Korea and the mean age was 17.4 years old. The instruments used in this study were Hare Self-Esteem Scale(Hare, 1985) and School Health Efficacy Questionnaire(Froman & Owen, 1991) which is consisted of both physical and mental health. The results showed that there was no gender difference in self-esteem of adolescents. However, the school domain of self-esteem was related to physical health of boys, and both the family domain and the school domain of self-esteem were related to physical health of girls. And both the school domain and the peer domain of self-esteem were positively related to mental health of boys, and all domains of self-esteem(peer, school, and family) were positively related to mental health of girls. In conclusion, there was not gender difference in degree of self-esteem, but there were gender difference in specific domains of self-esteem related with physical and mental health in adolescents.